超越千年的历史文化宿命——贾平凹小说《山本》的道德文化批评
张亚斌
北京开放大学 人文社会科学学院, 北京 100081
起止页码: 44--51页
DOI:
摘要：
中华民族是一个重视道德建设的民族，但在漫长的岁月中，却经常出现道德沦丧、社会动荡、生灵涂炭的悲惨境况。《山本》描写了这样一个令人扼腕的艺术际遇，它通过文化还原，找到中华民族陷入可悲历史境况的真实文化原因：一是从寻根到寻梦的人类文化学田野考察，创作出一个社会悲剧与文化悲剧相互交织的文化哀歌；二是从山本到人本的文化人类学理论分析，呈现出一个自然生态与社会生态文化背反的历史现实；三是从恶德到善德的文化人类学理性批判，揭示出卑鄙人性与高尚人性陷入分化的文化缘由；四是从心智到德智的文化人类学人格建构，实现了艺术精神与民族精神的全面文化超越。其告诉我们，只有正视秦岭人道德全面失守而带来的血淋淋现实，才能唤醒中华民族重建道德文明防线，以最终突破历史周期律，超越千年民族苦难文化宿命。
The Fate of History and Culture beyond Thousands of Years——Moral and Cultural Criticism of Jia Ping-wa's Novel Shanben
ZHANG Ya-bin
School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Open University, Beijing 100081, China
Abstract:
The Chinese nation is a nation that attaches great importance to moral construction, but in the long years, it has often experienced tragic conditions of moral decline, social turmoil, and slaughter of life. In order to describe such an embarrassing artistic experience, Shanben uses cultural restoration to find the true cultural reasons why the Chinese nation has fallen into a sad historical situation:The first is the fieldwork of anthropological culture from seeking roots to seeking dreams, creating a cultural lament that is intertwined with social tragedies and cultural tragedies; the second is the theoretical analysis of cultural anthropology from mountain nature to humanism, presenting the historical reality of cultural contradictions of natural ecology and social ecology; the third is the rational criticism of cultural anthropology from evil to good, revealing the cultural reasons for the divergence of vile humanity and noble humanity; the fourth is the construction of cultural anthropology from mind to morality, which realizes the comprehensive cultural transcendence of artistic spirit and national spirit. It tells us that only by facing up to the bloody reality brought about by the total moral failure of the Qinling people, can the Chinese nation be awakened to rebuild the defense line of moral civilization, and finally break through the periodic law of history and surpass the cultural fate of national suffering for thousands of years.
收稿日期: 2021-03-13
基金项目:
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