李鸿章与轮船招商局
王开玺
北京师范大学 历史学院, 北京 100875
起止页码: 1--6页
DOI:
摘要：
轮船招商局是洋务派创办的第一个官督商办性质的民用企业,在其创办与运营过程中,直隶总督李鸿章不但具有积极倡导、给予资金支持、奏请经营特权、在外交方面予以保护等维持之功,而且对其经营模式影响至大。李鸿章规定该局所有盈亏,全归商认,与官无涉,基本上采取的是官方不介入,少干涉的态度。尽管1880年以后,李鸿章多次强调需加强对轮船招商局的监管与控制,清政府对该局的盘剥与压抑也是严重的,但总体说来,李鸿章在轮船招商局的创办及其经营模式的确立方面,发挥了重要的作用,功大于过。
Li Hongzhang and the Merchants Steam Navigation Company
WANG Kaixi
History College, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Abstract:
The Merchants Steam Navigation Company founded by the Westernization Group was the first civ ilian enterprise monitored by the government and privately invested.In the course of its founding and opera tions,Li Hong zhang,the Zhili Governor,had not only actively promoted and given financial support,petitioned operating privileges and maintained the power to protect in diplom atic policies,but also had great influence on its business model.Li Hongzhang prescribed that the merchants are responsible for all the profits and losses,no business with the official,and the official was basically not involved in the implementation and gave less inter ference.Although after 1880,Li had repeatedly stressed the need to streng then supervision and control of the Merchants Steam Navigation Company,the Qing governments exploitation and oppression of the Company was serious.But generally speaking,Li played an important role in the founding and the establishment of its business model,whose credits wereg reater than blame.
收稿日期: 2011-01-14
基金项目:
参考文献：
[1](清)曾国藩.曾文正公全集[M].同治光绪刻本.
[2]江世荣.曾国藩未刊信稿[Z].北京:中华书局, 1959.
[3](清)李鸿章.李文忠公全集[M].光绪乙巳年刻本.
[4]轮船招商局档案·招商局史略[Z].中国第二历史档案馆.
[5]轮船招商局档案·李鸿章札饬候选同知唐丞廷枢(同治十二年五月初十日)[Z].中国第二历史档案馆.
[6]申报.
[7]海防档(甲)购买船炮[Z].台北:艺文印书馆, 1957.
[8]轮船招商局档案·唐廷枢禀李鸿章文(同治十二年七月)[Z].中国第二历史档案馆.
[9](民国)交通部、铁道部交通史编纂委员会.交通史航政编(第1册)[Z].上海:民智书局, 1931.
[10]中国史学会.中国近代史资料丛刊:洋务运动(第6册)[Z].上海:上海人民出版社, 2006.
[11](清)盛宣怀.愚斋存稿(第59卷)[M].北京:中国书店出版社,1987.
[12]汪熙,陈绛.轮船招商局·盛宣怀档案资料选辑之八[Z].上海:上海人民出版社, 2002.
[13](清)薛福成.筹洋刍议[M].沈阳:辽宁人民出版社,1994.
[14]轮船招商局档案·轮船招商局第8届帐略[Z].中国第二历史档案馆.
[15]吴馨,姚文等.上海县续志(卷7)[Z].上海:南园志局,1918.
[16](清)唐廷枢,徐润.论轮船招商局事宜及现办情形.
[17]王尔敏等编.盛宣怀实业朋僚函稿[Z].台北:中央研究院近代史研究所, 1997.
[18]北华捷报.
[19](清)郑观应.待鹤山房诗集(卷2)[M].已酉孟冬铅印本.