社会参与、老化态度对老年人心理健康的影响——基于CLHLS数据的实证分析
胡芳肖, 刘宏发, 杨灵姬
西安交通大学 公共政策与管理学院, 陕西 西安 710049
起止页码: 15--29页
DOI:
摘要：
积极老龄化已成为我国应对老龄化的重要战略，积极的社会参与有助于排解老年人的消极情绪，改善老化态度，进而促进老年人的身心健康，倡导积极的社会参与成为我国应对老龄化的重要手段之一。基于2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查（CLHLS）数据，采用OLS、2SLS、中介效应模型，从老年人社会参与、老化态度、老年人心理健康的逻辑关系出发，分析了老年人社会参与类型、数量和频率、老化态度对心理健康的影响。研究发现：老年人社会参与不足，老化态度积极性有待提升，心理健康状态不佳；除家务劳动和社会活动外，老年人社会参与的类型、数量和频率均会对其心理健康产生显著的正向效应；老年人社会参与对心理健康的影响存在城乡差异；老化态度在“参与经济活动、休闲娱乐和锻炼身体与心理健康”“社会参与的数量与心理健康”“休闲娱乐活动的参与频率与心理健康”的关系中发挥了中介作用。基于上述结论，提出鼓励老年人积极参与社会活动、关注城乡差异并因地制宜制定措施、引导老年人形成积极的老化态度，全面关注老年人心理健康的对策建议。
The Impact of Social Participation and Aging Attitudes on Mental Health Among Older Adults: An Empirical Analysis Based on CLHLS Data
HU Fangxiao, LIU Hongfa, YANG Lingji
School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
Abstract:
Active aging has become a crucial strategy for China to address population aging. Positive social participation helps alleviate negative emotions, improve aging attitudes, and thereby enhance the physical and mental health of older adults. Advocating active social participation is thus one of the key approaches to managing aging in China. Based on the data of CLHLS (Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey) in China in 2018, using OLS, 2 SLS and mediation effect model, starting from the logical relationship among social participation, aging attitude and mental health of the elderly, this study analyzes the influence of the types, quantity and frequency of social participation and aging attitude of the elderly on mental health. It is found that the elderly have insufficient social participation, the enthusiasm of aging attitude needs to be improved, and their mental health is not good; In addition to housework and social activities, the types, quantity and frequency of social participation of the elderly will have a significant positive effect on their mental health; The influence of social participation of the elderly on mental health is different between urban and rural areas; Aging attitude plays an intermediary role in the relationship between economic activities, leisure and exercise and mental health, the number of social participation and mental health, and the participation frequency of leisure and entertainment activities and mental health. Based on these conclusions, it proposes policy recommendations to encourage active social participation among older adults, address urban-rural differences with tailored measures, foster positive aging attitudes, and comprehensively improve mental health in this population.
收稿日期: 2025-6-16
基金项目: 陕西省哲学社会科学基金项目“全面脱贫后陕西省农村居民最低生活保障兜底标准”（2021F011）；西安交通大学二十大专项科研项目“中国特色基本养老服务供给机制及实现路径研究”（SK2022136）
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