重回科学的怀抱:法学是不是科学辨析
赵润卓
清华大学 法学院, 北京 100084
起止页码: 72--76页
DOI:
摘要:
古希腊系统且多元的自然科学成为孕育法学学科诞生的摇篮,古罗马时期罗马法律的完善与建设使法学脱离自然哲学的范畴,成为一门体系化的独立学科。然而,19世纪德国检察官基尔希曼提出,法学作为“科学”是无价值的,它既不符合人们对科学的严格认知,同时也无法对现实的法律生活有所建树。从此法学并非科学便成为法学家所研究的“惊世危言”。法学因其研究对象的“过去性”“主观性”等特征与科学的内涵相悖而始终难以真正被科学所归纳,不过,近代实证主义法学的发展使法学本身的概念获得了重塑,以法教义学与实证主义法学为双重研究对象的法学重新具备了“科学之精神”,因此从研究的角度出发,将法学设定为一种科学也未尝不可。
Returning to the Embrace of Science: Distinguishing Whether Law Is a Science or Not
ZHAO Runzhuo
Law School, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Abstract:
The systematic and diversified natural science in ancient Greece became the cradle of the birth of the discipline of law. The perfection and construction of the Roman law in ancient Rome made the law separate from the category of natural philosophy and become a systematic independent discipline. However, Kirchmann, a German prosecutor in the 19th century, pointed out that jurisprudence as a “science” is of no value, it does not conform to people's strict cognition of science, and at the same time can not contribute to the real legal life. Since then, jurisprudence is not a science and has become a “shocking and dangerous statement” studied by jurists. The characteristics of jurisprudence such as “past” and “subjectivity” of its research objects are contrary to the connotation of science, so it is always difficult to be truly summarized by science. However, the development of modern positivism jurisprudence has reshaped the concept of jurisprudence itself, and jurisprudence, which is the dual research object of jurisprudence and positivism jurisprudence, has regained the “scientific spirit”. Therefore, from the perspective of research, it is not impossible to establish jurisprudence as a science.
收稿日期: 2024-10-23
基金项目:
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